| Row | Idiom | Description |
| 1 | 4WD | Four wheel drive Power transmission system to 4 wheels |
| 2 | 16V | 16 valves, 16-valve engine (for example, in a 4-cylinder engine, there should be 4 valves per cylinder per cylinder, including DOHC and SOHC engines). |
| 3 | 1 DIN | 1,12 sae |
| 4 | 1 KW | 1,34 ece |
| 5 | 1 KW | 1,35 PSdin |
| 6 | Column A | The pillar in front of the car body, which has a roof on this pillar and inside it, there are passive safety elements. |
| 7 | ABC | Active Body Control. Mercedes-Benz hydro-electronic system that prevents the car body from sleeping left and right and front and rear. (This system helps a lot to stabilize the car when cornering and braking) |
| 8 | ABS | Blocker System. An electronic system that anticipates the wheels from locking during severe braking and braking on slippery surfaces by sensors, and by loosening and tightening the brakes in seconds (for example, 60 times per second) causes the wheels not to lock and maximizes traction. With the help of this system, even in severe and immediate braking, the car can be steered and stopped faster, and today many car manufacturers offer it as a standard on their products. Some also install it on the car at the customer’s request. |
| 9 | AC | air condition air conditioner, air conditioner. It works like a refrigerator, being pressurized by a gaseous compressor and liquefied upon heating and then cooled. It cools down quickly after evaporation. To start the compressor, the car’s fuel consumption increases slightly. |
| 10 | ACC | Adaptive Cruise Control A system that regulates the distance and speed of a car with other cars. This system prevents the negative impact of heavy vehicles on road and traffic safety. DaimlerChrysler has developed another system that even adjusts the distance between the car and the lanes. |
| 11 | AERODINAMIC | Air flow science or wind science which is very important in designing a car. Because with less resistance of the car body against air, gasoline consumption is also reduced. The best value of air resistance for passenger cars is cw = 0.26. Inadequate aerodynamics of SUVs can be up to 0.45. |
| 12 | AFS | AFS, or Adaptive Headlight System, which predicts curvature by estimating vehicle cornering speed and speed and illuminates exactly where the vehicle will continue to travel. |
| 13 | AIRBAG | Air bag. Provides maximum protection and safety for occupants in collisions and accidents. |
| 14 | Air Filter | air filter. By passing the inlet air to the engine through this filter, which is usually made of a special type of paper, particles and dust enter the engine to prevent wear and tear in the engine and also the temperature of the inlet air is regulated and the sound of air suction. It is greatly reduced. |
| 15 | Air Flow Meter | > There is a valve inside the fan that opens and closes according to the intensity of the air flow, and the ECU determines the fuel injection according to this amount. |
| 16 | Acceleration | Acceleration. Acceleration |
| 17 | Active Safety | All components and equipment that always actively increase the safety of the car. Such as ABS, ESP, tires, brakes, car aerodynamic shape and … |
| 18 | AMG | |
| 19 | AMPERMETR | Measuring instrument and indicates the amount of input and output current of the battery. |
| 20 | Anti Freez | Antifreeze. A liquid that consists of 50% glycol and 50% water. In cold weather, the water inside the radiator freezes and damages the cooling system. By adding antifreeze to the radiator water, freezing can be prevented. It also prevents rust and sediment. Inside the radiator and engine cooling system. |
| 21 | ASC+T | Automatic Stabilization Control + Traction. The system used by BMW constantly monitors the condition of the rear wheels. When the rear wheels slip or lose their traction, the ASC + T system operates and controls the brakes and the engine in such a way that the car from Do not deviate from the path. |
| 22 | ASR | Anti-Schlupf-Regelung or Anti Slip Regulation Anti-skating control system. A system that prevents the spin of the drive wheels and thus maintains stability. This system can work in two ways: either electronically reduces engine power and Or apply a brake on a spinning wheel. ASR is the acronym for this system, which is used by Mercedes-Benz and is used for Traction Control by different manufacturers, such as ETC, TC and TSC. |
| 23 | AWD | All Wheel Drive stands for Four Wheel Drive (4 Wheel Drive) Permanent and at all speeds) |
| 24 | AWS | All Wheel Steering. A system where the steering wheel can control all 4 wheels at once. |
| 25 | AUTODIMMING | Refraction of light by mirrors inside the car. As the mirror becomes darker and the light spreads, the light above the rear car does not cause discomfort and reduce the visibility and disturbance of the driver of the front car. |
| 26 | BAS | A system that increases the pressure inside the hydraulic brake in instantaneous braking and causes the brake power to be distributed evenly to the wheels. |
| 27 | BI-XENON | Today, BI-XENON lights are the most advanced and powerful type of lights. In these lights, 2 separate lights are used for low and high light. Because the wavelength and in other words, the color of these lights is similar to sunlight, it does not bother other drivers at night The light that passes through the XENON gas is reflected by a 70 mm moving lens and creates a high light effect. |
| 28 | Brake Disk Wiping | Brake disc cleaner. In case of heavy rain, a thin layer of water floods the disc. This system cleans the surface of the disc by making very light contact of the brake pad with the disc at regular intervals. This way, there is no delay in the braking reaction when braking. |
| 29 | BOXER MOTOR | Boxer motor. An engine whose cylinders are in the same direction, ie at an angle of 180 degrees. It can be called a V-shaped motor with an angle of 180 degrees. |
| 30 | CABRIO | Cars with a capacity of 2 + 2 people and the roof of the car can be opened. |
| 31 | Catalizor | One of the exhaust components that reduces the amount of polluting gases. |
| 32 | CBC | Cornering Brake Control. The system works with ESP and is used in many BMW cars and is considered an active safety system. The CBC’s job is to keep the car stable when braking. Because the speed of the wheels inside and outside the screw are different in the turn, the braking pressure of these wheels must also be different. The CBC calculates the speed of each wheel by the relevant sensors and determines the amount of brake pressure for each wheel. |
| 33 | CDI | Daimler-Chrysler calls Mercedes-Benz diesel cars by this name. CDI stands for Common Rail Diesel Injection System. |
| 34 | Ceramic | It is a lightweight material that has been used in some cars such as Porsche Turbo and Mercedes CL 55 AMG to make brake discs. They are lighter. |
| 35 | clutch | There is a clear difference between automatic and manual gearboxes in the clutch. The clutch is detachable and the power transmission interface between the engine and the gearbox. The static face is fixed). |
| 36 | compressor | It works like a turbo but gets its power from the engine. A pump that compresses air or cooler fluid. Jaguar, Mercedes and other manufacturers use compressors to increase power. The engine uses a little more fuel to power the compressor. . |
| 37 | COUPE | Cars that have a metal roof between columns A and C and have space for 2 + 2 people. In some of these types of cars, the passenger capacity is more. |
| 38 | CRS | Common Rail System is made for diesel engines and is a system that sprays with more pressure. And the main difference with other systems is that the operation of creating pressure and spraying is done separately. This system causes better and more regular operation and more efficiency and reduces the noise of diesel engines. |
| 39 | CRUISE CONTROL | Speed stabilization system |
| 40 | CVT | Constantly Variable Transmission. Gearbox with variable ratio. This gearbox was made in the 50’s by a Dutchman named Van Doorne. In these gearboxes, there is only one start and end ratio, which varies depending on the engine speed and speed of the car. Is. |
| 41 | CVVT | Continuously Variable Valve Timing, Valve time variable technology. Volvo, Kia and Hyundai introduce this system by this name. This system has been used by different companies with different names and its use has become very common and widespread. This engine control system, the time of opening the valves Changes according to the speed and amount of car load and thus increases the efficiency of the engine and reduces the amount of harmful gases from the exhaust. |
| 42 | cylinder | The cylinder is the most important part of the engine, inside which the pistons are placed, creating the combustion chamber. |
| 43 | DI | Direct Injection. Direct injection of fuel in diesel and gasoline engines for better combustion. One of the problems with diesel engines is the noise that occurs during combustion, and Audi used this method to produce a better combination of air and fuel, and to some extent solved the sound problem. |
| 44 | differential | Differential. It balances the rotation speed of the wheels, especially in turns where the speeds of the wheels inside and outside the screw are different. |
| 45 | differential lock | Differential lock. When one of the drive wheels loses traction, it stops the wheel from spinning and improves stability as well as more traction. The most common type is the central differential lock, which continues to move from the front or rear wheels if a wheel spins. . |
| 46 | Dynamometr | Dynamometer, a device that measures engine power. |
| 47 | Distributor | Delco, one of the components of the electrical system that sends high voltage electricity to the spark plugs in a regulated manner. |
| 48 | DTR | DISTRONIC (DISTRONIC or DYSTRONIC) stands for intelligent distance control radar system made by Mercedes-Benz. This electronic system calculates the distance to the car in front by a radar, and if this distance is reduced to a dangerous level by reducing the engine power or even braking, reduce the speed and reduce the distance. Increasing. |
| 49 | DOHC | Double Over Head Camshaft An engine that has two camshafts at the top. |
| 50 | DSC | The name of the ESP (Electronic Stability System) system in BMW. |
| 51 | DSTC | Dynamic Stability and Traction Control. This system works in conjunction with ESP (Electronic Stability) and ASR (Anti-Skating) systems, and Volvo calls it DSTC. |
| 52 | DUMMY | Plastic human models used in crash tests. Numerous sensors are placed on these models and thus the amount and points of possible human damage in real accidents are calculated. |
| 53 | EBD-EBV | Electronic brake force distribution system. EBD is a supplement for brakes equipped with ABS system and maintains the balance of the car by distributing the force of weight during braking and prevents the car from deviating. |
| 54 | EDC | Electronic Diesel Control, control system for injector diesel engines. |
| 55 | EDLS | Electronic differential lock. |
| 56 | EMV | How the car electrical system works in electromagnetic environments. The actual performance of the car electrical system is tested in high voltage electrical environments. |
| 57 | EPS | Electro Power Steering. Hydraulic steering system with electric motor. |
| 58 | ESP | Electronic Stability Program. Electronic stability system (or better yet, anti-instability system that prevents the car from getting out of control). The basis of this system is to use the ABS brake system to control and steer the car. Anti-blocking systems (ABS) and anti-skating system (TSC anti-skid) on slippery terrain are the tools of the ESP system. First, it reduces the amount of engine power transmitted to the wheels. This operation continues until the car is under the control of the driver and moves in the desired direction of the driver. And during severe braking, various conditions cause the car to stop faster. |
| 59 | ETC | Electronic Traction control |
| 60 | ETS | Electronic Stability System related to ASR. |
| 61 | EURO NCAP | Founded in 1997, the European New Car Assessment Program stands for crash tests on many European-made cars, and the car is rated a star based on crash test results. Currently the maximum score is 5 stars. (These tests include frontal crash test, side crash test, etc.) |
| 62 | FACE LIFT | Car exterior beautification (body design bug fixes) |
| 63 | FADING | (Heating the brakes) Weakening the braking performance of the car as a result of heating the brake pads and discs. Problems such as the need to press the brake pedal harder and weaken the brake function also arise in this situation. |
| 64 | FIS | Information display. Displays information such as mileage, average speed, fuel consumption and outside temperature. |
| 65 | FSI | Direct injection engines manufactured by the Volkswagen Group. The biggest advantage of these engines is that they have lower fuel consumption and more power compared to engines with the same volume. |
| 66 | GDI | Mitsubishi Direct Injection Engines. |
| 67 | GPS | Global Positioning System The global positioning system. The computer inside the car communicates with the satellite and determines the position and location of the car and guides the driver to the desired location by a map in the memory of this system. |
| 68 | GRIP | Traction or road blockage. |
| 69 | GT | It stands for Gran Turismo (Italian for big tour). |
| 70 | HARDTOP | Cars that have a metal roof and do not have a B-pillar are called this. If a HARDTOP car has a detachable or folding roof, it will look like a cabrio. |
| 71 | HATCHBACK | A car with a trunk integrated with the rear window and Stop lights on it. |
| 72 | HDC | Hill Descent Control. HDC is usually the equipment of 4WD cars. It fixes the speed in coming down the slopes, and thus long slopes can be traveled without the need for brakes. |
| 73 | HDI | High Pressure Direct Injection A type of diesel engine developed by Peugeot and Citroen in collaboration with Ford. These engines use railcommon technology and consume less fuel and pollution. |
| 74 | Horse Power | Hp. Unit of measurement of power produced by the engine. Each horsepower is equal to 0.7457 kW. |
| 75 | HYBRID | Cars that have two engines and this name is mostly used for cars that have an internal combustion engine (gasoline or diesel) and an electric motor (which gets its energy from the relevant batteries). Up to a certain speed, only the electric motor works and after a certain speed, it starts working to increase the power of the internal combustion engine. The goal of producing this type of car is low fuel consumption and minimal environmental pollution. |
| 76 | HYDROPNOMATIK | Use of hydraulic shock absorbers instead of metal arms used only by Citroen (like xantia). |
| 77 | HILL HOLD CONTROL | This system prevents the car from moving backwards when moving uphill. In this system, the brakes operate automatically and the brakes are applied with a constant pressure. Thus, the car is stopped backwards until the accelerator pedal is pressed by the driver and the car moves. . |
| 78 | HUD | Heads-up Display This system was first used in fighter aircraft and allows the driver to see car information through the windshield. This system reflects information on the windshield by a projector. (Like some BMW models) |
| 79 | I-DRIVE | This system is made by BMW. In this computer system, multiple control members in the car can be controlled by a joystick built into the center console. |
| 80 | IMMOBILIZER | A system that prevents the car from working with the copy or without the key. In cars equipped with IMMOBILIZER, after receiving micro-electronic information inside the key, the ECU is allowed to start. |
| 81 | INTERCOOLER | Intercooler is a device that is used in engines equipped with turbo and has the task of cooling the air. Because the turbocharger heats the air when it is compressed and the volume of air increases, which has a negative effect on the charge of the cylinder. The engine and turbocharger are installed and cool the air, thus preventing the air from increasing in volume and increasing the engine power and torque. |
| 82 | ISOFIX | A kind of seat for little ones that closes on the back seat and provides their safety. |
| 83 | Kickdown | In cars with automatic transmission, when the driver suddenly depresses the accelerator pedal to the bottom, the system reverses to increase acceleration or increase gear speed. |
| 84 | LED | Ligtht Emitting Diode. A diode that emits light when it receives electricity. Today, modern cars use LEDs in hazard and brake lights. Because LEDs light up faster than ordinary lights. |
| 85 | LEV | Low Emission Vehicle Standarts: A standard of emissions from cars manufactured in the state of California, USA. It is also implemented in some other US states, and in 2004 it was replaced by the LEV II standard. |
| 86 | LPG | Liquified Petroleum Gas A gas fuel that liquefies under pressure or low temperature and is stored in a tank. It is cheaper than gasoline, produces much less pollution, and has a higher octane rating. It consumes more fuel than gasoline. Gasoline can be |
| 87 | LSD | Limited Slip Differential Slip-limiting differential, especially in corners and slippery terrain, prevents the car from slipping. The difference between this type of advanced differential and standard differentials is that it also controls the car when accelerating and decelerating. |
| 88 | MACPHERSON | MacPherson, a conventional suspension system that summarizes a sub-connection between the swing spring and the shock absorber and surge arrester. |
| 89 | MPV | Multifunction cars (such as Sinad or Opel Zafira) |
| 90 | MPI | Multi-point injector. Creates the best fuel combustion mode. |
| 91 | NM | NEWTONMETER (torque unit) is the amount of force that can move an object 1 meter and is expressed in Newton meters. 1 Newton per 100 grams. In NM cars, the unit is torque or engine power. |
| 92 | Navigation System | Navigation system. The system uses a map in its memory to pinpoint the exact location of the car and, with a large display located in the center console, guides the driver from the fastest and closest possible route to the destination. |
| 93 | NIGHT VISION | Night vision system. In case of low night vision, it informs the driver of the existing obstacles. |
| 94 | NITRO | nitromethane. It is a combination of nitrogen, methane and fuel that produces less energy than gasoline, but requires much less air to burn and therefore has better efficiency. It takes 14.7 air capacity to burn 1 gasoline capacity, but 1.7 air capacity to burn 1 nitro capacity. As a result, it burns 8 times more fuel than gasoline to burn in the combustion chamber. The advantage of nitro is only that it consumes an average of 2.5 times more fuel than gasoline. |
| 95 | Oversteer | It is called slipping on the back of the car. |
| 96 | Radiotelephone | Car cell phones with Car Audio set are a device. |
| 97 | Radiator | In cars whose water-cooled system works, the heated water passes through the radiator and is cooled by the FAN and returned to the engine. |
| 98 | RDS | Radio Data System Information on radio FM channels can be viewed in the radio display panel. |
| 99 | REAL-TIME | Normally the front wheels are actuated, but if the front wheels are spinning, the system automatically transmits engine power to the rear wheels. |
| 100 | ROADSTER | Two-door open cars with a capacity of 2 passengers. |
| 101 | ROTARY-WANKEL MOTOR | A type of engine built by Felix Wankel in 1954. In short, this engine works by turning a triangular piston inside the combustion chamber block to create different volumes and densities inside the cylinder. This technology The engine is mostly used by Mazda today. This type of engine is used in the Mazda RX-8 model, which replaced the RX-7 model in Europe. |
| 102 | RPM | Revolutions per Minute per minute. Each moment shows how many revolutions the engine spins in one minute. |
| 103 | SEDAN | Cars that have 4 doors and protrude from the C-pillar to the rear and are parallel to the ground. |
| 104 | SELF-LEVELLING SUSPENSION | An intermediate member inside the shock absorber system that automatically adjusts the height of the shock absorber according to the amount of car load. In this system, the height of the front and rear are adjusted independently. |
| 105 | SLS | A system that automatically adjusts the height of the car and is used in RoadOff cars. |
| 106 | SOFT-TOP | Cars with a retractable roof are said to be made of fabric or metal with a fabric cover. |
| 107 | spoiler | In some cars it is installed in front and under the bumper and in some in the rear and on the trunk. This part improves the aerodynamics of the car. |
| 108 | Spider | It was used in the early 1900s with a 2-seater motorized style. The term was first used by Italian manufacturers in the 1950s for two-seater and open-top sports cars. |
| 109 | SRS | Additional safety systems such as airbags. |
| 110 | STEER BY WIRE | Electronic hydraulic steering system. Like computer bases, there is no mechanical connection, but the steering wheel is electronically driven by the driver moving the steering wheel. |
| 111 | STOP & GO | The system works with the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system and controls the distance by sensors and is especially useful when driving in heavy traffic. |
| 112 | SUPER SELECT | Adjusts the drive cycles according to the driver’s conditions and needs. This system works in 4 ways: 1. Only the rear wheels are actuated. 2. Split between front and rear wheels. 3. Equal distribution of force between the front and rear wheels. 4. Move with 4 wheels normally. |
| 113 | SUV | SPORT Utility Vehicle These cars have the characteristics of station wagons and vans in their text and are usually 4WD, which are also suitable for off-road routes and ordinary bumps, while on the road they are not much different from a normal car. |
| 114 | Suspension | Suspension. It absorbs shocks and shocks from the ground to the car. |
| 115 | TCS | ASR-ETC. Skating control system. |
| 116 | TDI | Turbo Dizel Injection. |
| 117 | TIPTRONIC | Two-speed gearbox means that the gear can be changed manually or automatically. |
| 118 | TPC | Electronic tire pressure control system. |
| 119 | TURBO | A system that compresses air to allow more air to enter the engine and increases engine power by increasing the amount of incoming air. The turbo impeller is rotated by the exhaust gases. |
| 120 | Twin Spark | Use one pair of spark plugs per cylinder, which improves the combustion of the fuel composition and also increases the density by reducing the combustion time. Alfa romeo and Benz use this system. |
| 121 | Understeer | In driving, it is called slipping in the front part of the car (the car does not have a steering wheel) and it is more common in front differential cars due to the heavier front part of the car. |
| 122 | VTG | Variable Turbo geometry. Variable turbo. This turbo is also effective at low revs. The air coming from the exhaust manifold is directed to the center of the impeller by small blades inside the body of this turbo. These blades move up and down according to the commands they receive from the engine control system. And they cause the turbo propeller to spin at good speeds even at low revs. (As water decreases with decreasing pipe diameter) |
| 123 | VVT-I | Toyota Variable Valve Time Control System |
| 124 | XDrive | When one of the Bamoo cars is part of the xDrive family, it means that the production power is transmitted to all four wheels by the propulsion. |
| 125 | WHEELBASE | (Axis distance) The distance between the center of the front wheels to the center of the rear wheels. |
| Persian | ||
| 126 | Gaseous pollution standard | Catalysts are used to convert various exhaust gases into non-harmful substances. The Euro standard specifies how much gas cars can produce. |
| 127 | Cellular fuel engine | Electricity is generated by the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, and the car’s electric motor uses the electricity generated. |
| 128 | 4-stroke engine | Engines whose operating system is: suction, compression, work (force, combustion, opening) and exhaust, respectively. |
| 129 | Square motor | Engine with Stork and the same size (Apple Ecotec engines) |
| 130 | Density rate | Dividing the total volume of a cylinder by the position of the piston is obtained at the lowest and highest points. Due to the structure of diesel fuel, diesel engines have a higher compression ratio than gasoline engines. |
| 131 | Series engine | A form of engine in which the cylinders are placed in the same direction and side by side inside the cylinder block. Another type of engine is the V-series engine. |
| 132 | Rain sensor | An optical sensor that receives the wetting of the glass and activates the wiper and closes the roof if the roof is open. |
| 133 | Semi-automatic gearbox | There is no clutch pedal in this gearbox and this is done by electronic or hydraulic pedals. Today, this gearbox is used in many cars and the latest type is Easytronic, which is used in Apple Corsa. |
| 134 | Net or empty weight of the car | The total weight of the car and the driver, which is considered to be 75 kg, and the fuel tank, which is 90% full. |
| 135 | Variable valve time | The engine selects one of the valve times at different cycles, which has better performance, and thus the engine will have better performance at all cycles with less consumption. |
| 136 | LED washing system | This equipment, which has a solution container and an independent motor, cleans them by spraying water on the lights and prevents dimming. In some models, the lights are also equipped with a wiper. |
| 137 | Brake pipe | Metal hoses that some have a plastic cover to protect against rust. The inner diameter of these pipes is 2.5mm and their outer diameter is 4.5mm and they are responsible for delivering the brake fluid from the main center to the brake elements located in the wheels. |
| 138 | Brake disc | Brake discs are usually installed for the front wheels of the car and in some cars all 4 wheels are equipped with disc brakes. They are usually made of metal or iron alloy, and because a lot of heat is generated during braking, it is very important to cool the discs. Today, ceramic disc brakes are the most advanced and best type of brakes that do not have a problem with heating and have a longer life. |
| 139 | Brake force distribution | Brake force is transmitted to the front wheels more than the rear wheels. |
| 140 | Hydraulic steering | The hydraulic pressure generated by the engine allows the driver to turn the steering wheel with little force. |
| 141 | Diesel filter | Diesel filter in diesel injector engines that prevents particles from entering the engine. |
| 142 | Engine choking | Excessive fuel spillage into the engine (can be carburetor or injector engine) This problem can be caused by a fault in the air filter, carburetor misalignment, over-activation of throttle and lack of inlet air to the engine. |
| 143 | Synthetic (or synthetic) engine oil | Engine oils that do not use petroleum products and have better performance. |
| 144 | cylinder head | It is located on top of the engine cylinder block and is usually detachable. In some engines, valves are also installed in the cylinder head. Also the water and oil path of the engine and spark plugs at the cylinder head. |
| 145 | Aerodynamic coefficient | The aerodynamic coefficient of a car is directly related to the design of its body and plays an important role in achieving high speeds and fuel consumption. In car design, with the help of spoilers and other parts, the aerodynamic coefficient can be reduced. Air tunnels are used to calculate it. |
| 146 | Low death point | The lowest point of movement of the piston inside the cylinder, which stops for a moment to rise. |
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